Evergreen ferns that have green leaves throughout the year found in mountains. Prefer wet areas including on trees or rocks. Rhizomes are thin and grow horizontally and have trophophyll (leaves for photonic synthesis) and some spore leaves (leaves with spores). Trophophyll is about 1 to 2 cm in diameter round to oval shaped and petioles are thick and grow by adjacent plants. Leaves are moistened, thick, shiny and bearable in dry environment. The Japanese name Mame-zuta literally meaning bean –shaped ferns was named because leaves are small and its round shape resembles beans. Spore leaves are about 5 to 6 cm elongated spatula-like shape grow from trophophills. Tips of leaves are curled inward and have brown sorus (spore sac that store spores) are densely placed.

●Season January to about December
●Height about 5 to 6 cm
●Place Trail 1, Trail 6

Moss grows dropping from trees in half-shady areas near streams in mountains. Prefer humid environment. Many of them are found in Mt. Kiyosumi in Chiba prefecture, hence the Japanese name Kiyosumi-ito-goke literally meaning Mt. Kiyosumi thread-like moss. Stems grow along the trees and irregularly divided and become about 10 to 20 cm long. Leaves at the base of stems are about 2 to 2.5 mm long oval-shaped with toothed margins (edges of leaves are like a teeth of saw). Dropping leaves are thinner at tips like threads. Color is bright green and shiny like silk and the entire plants look like green lace over the trees. Have male and female plant and sometimes have 3 mm long cylindrical capsules and its lid is like a beaks-shaped protrusions.

●Season January to about December
●Length about 10 to 20 cm
●Place Trail 6